a life of joy and happiness is possible only on the basis of knowledge and science
happy teacters day.......
Showing posts with label pojects. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pojects. Show all posts
happy teachers day
a life of joy and happiness is possible only on the basis of knowledge and science
happy teacters day.......
Speed Controllers
Speed Controllers
1. Introduction
The purpose of a motor speed controller is to take a signal representing the demanded speed, and to drive a motor at that speed. The controller may or may not actually measure the speed of the motor. If it does, it is called a Feedback Speed Controller or Closed Loop Speed Controller, if not it is called an Open Loop Speed Controller. Feedback speed control is better, but more complicated, and may not be required for a simple robot design. Motors come in a variety of forms, and the speed controller's motor drive output will be different dependent on these forms. The speed controller presented here is designed to drive a simple cheap starter motor from a car, which can be purchased from any scrap yard. These motors are generally series wound, which means to reverse them, they must be altered slightly, (see the section on motors).Below is a simple block diagram of the speed controller. We'll go through the important parts block by block in detail.
Contactless Mains Voltage Indicator
Contactless Mains Voltage Indicator
This is a CMOS IC (CD4033) based circuit which can be used to detect presence of mains AC voltage without any electrical contact with the conductor carrying AC current/voltage. Thus it can be used to detect mains AC voltage without removing the insulation from the conductor. Just take it in the vicinity of the conductor and it would detect presence of AC voltage. If AC voltage is not present, the display would randomly show any digit (0 through 9) permanently. If mains supply is available in the conductor, the electric field would be induced into the sensing probe. Since IC used is CMOS type, its input impedance is extremely high and thus the induced voltage is sufficient to clock the counter IC. Thus display count advances rapidly from 0 to 9 and then repeats itself. This is the indication for presence of mains supply. Display stops advancing when the unit is taken away from the mains carrying conductor. For compactness, a 9-volt PP3 battery may be used for supply to the gadget
READ MORE
This is a CMOS IC (CD4033) based circuit which can be used to detect presence of mains AC voltage without any electrical contact with the conductor carrying AC current/voltage. Thus it can be used to detect mains AC voltage without removing the insulation from the conductor. Just take it in the vicinity of the conductor and it would detect presence of AC voltage. If AC voltage is not present, the display would randomly show any digit (0 through 9) permanently. If mains supply is available in the conductor, the electric field would be induced into the sensing probe. Since IC used is CMOS type, its input impedance is extremely high and thus the induced voltage is sufficient to clock the counter IC. Thus display count advances rapidly from 0 to 9 and then repeats itself. This is the indication for presence of mains supply. Display stops advancing when the unit is taken away from the mains carrying conductor. For compactness, a 9-volt PP3 battery may be used for supply to the gadget
READ MORE
AUTOMATIC INTELLIGENT TOLL -TAX
THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO MAKE UNATTENDED AUTOMATIC TOLL TAX STATIONS AT CHECK BARRIERS OR OCTRI CHCK POSTS
Automatic toll tax project is designed ,using atmel 89c51 microcontroller & descreate componants. Heart of the project is an ir transmitter and receiver modules ,these strong powerfull modules transmits 38khz strong ir beam, has a range of more than 15 feets are sufficiently enough for our project. I have designed this project as a simple emplementation of the toll collection process automatically in a model form. This should not be considered as a real toll collection system which require much more considerations , tests and huge amount of money, before they are actually put into use.
READ MOREtouch switch
General Description
A touch switch is an electronic device that enables us to
control a circuit by simply touching a sensor. Smart Kit
1005 is a very easy project to built and will make you the
proud owner of a magic switch that will respond to the
slightest touch of your hand on its sensitive plates.
Supply voltage: 12 VDC
Max. current:30 mA
Relay rating: 250 V/2 A
READ MORE
